The later creation of non-secular teaching divided education in Australia into two classes: public schools and private schools. As it transitioned away from a fully privatised system, the government established a relationship with various churches to facilitate more modern schooling. Over time, the Australian schooling system became more formalised. Source: Australian Education Research Organisation Such rural schools were believed to be substandard compared to urban schools or tutoring. At the time, however, it consisted of private imported British tutors for the wealthy and ex-Convict teachers for the poor or rural (Heffernan, 2021). Education ostensibly served as a method to broaden opportunities for the public. In Australia, post-settlement education was imported from the British schooling system. ![]() Nonetheless, idealists also supported education as a means of improving social mobility. In particular, to keep children occupied on task, draconian measures like corporal punishment were transferred from the work children were once expected to do and on into schools (Gray, 2008). The cynic viewed schooling as a way to repress the resulting rising crime rates, with education becoming developed to favour the interests of the church, the business owner, and the national leader. Biddulph (2004) notes that this trend led to children spending more and more time away from their families, going into life without the social structures that made them good citizens. Occupations continued to grow more and more labour intensive. So why was education made so much more available and abundant in the West? The answer lies in the advancement of human society. Education for those fulfilling other societal roles would have been far more general and practical. Nonetheless, such advanced tutor-tutee forms of education were still reserved for the wealthy of Greece. For those able to join the ranks of thinkers, education served to advance the collective knowledge of Greece. ![]() The consequence of this was Greek philosophy thinkers used education to inform their values and principles to help them understand the world (Mark, 2020). Maintaining traditional pathways for specialised careers, tutoring occurred individually, with students being provided with the care of a mentor (Zaphir, 2019). While schooling served a very functional purpose in Egypt, Greek education had a different aim. Only the elite would be granted access to the prestigious roles requiring education. These early, rudimentary forms of education also served as a barrier to the lower classes. This naturally transpired at a social centre rather than at home, though royalty may have received private tuition to prepare them for their roles in society. To manage a society growing in complexity and scale, the Egyptians began a form of education similar to that observed in modern-day society, teaching typically wealthy, elite children mathematics, language and other subjects (Facts and Details, n.d.). Rather than performing generalist roles, hunter-gatherers adapted to occupations that went beyond meeting food requirements (National Geographic Society, n.d.). Journey with us as we travel through time to uncover the evolution of education and glimpse into the exciting future of pedagogy.Īs humankind settled down from nomadic life, our ancestors began to specialise. Such technology has completely revolutionised the potential for learning and teaching in more engaging and accessible ways, paving the way for “leisurely learning” as the Greeks intended it to be. Digital technology, comprising computers and the internet, represents the second main wave of disruptive technology since the printing press. Today, digital tablets and an electric stylus fill our classrooms and have almost completely replaced pen and paper. Wax tablets were amongst the earliest learning instruments used by the Romans. Today, the likes of Elon Musk have criticised formal education, deeming college degrees as a means of “prove(ing) that you can do your chores, but they’re not for learning” (Aratani, 2020). This provides insight into how education was perceived back then as an enjoyable activity rather than a chore. In fact, the word “school” comes from the Greek word “schole”, which means “leisure”. Formal education is said to have begun in Greece at around 4 BCE. Humanity began storing and transmitting knowledge through word of mouth, passing down information about animals, plants and the land to each succeeding generation. Writer(s): Hirushi Muthukumarana, Jana Chalhoub, Stanley ChenĮducation has evolved drastically over time. ![]() The Evolution of Education: Past, Present and the Future May 6, 2022
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